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مقالات ارتودنسی

تاریخ انتشار: پنجشنبه 07 آبان 1394

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« بهترین زمان ارتودنسی »

زمانی که ساختمانهای صورت در حال رشد و نمو هستند اصلاح روابط آنها معمولاً با هدایت صحیح روند رشد آنها انجام می شود . بنابراین اعمال ارتودنسی در این زمان راحت تر و ساده تر است و به زمان کمتری نیاز دارد . از طرفی میزان موفقیت های درمانهای ارتودنسی در این دوره زیادتر است .

بعد از کامل شدن رشد و شکل گرفتن روابط ساختمانهای صورت با یکدیگر ، در صورتی که این روابط نادرست باشد تصحیح این روابط ، زمان ، کار وانرژی بیشتری نیاز دارد و میزان موفقیت درمان کمتر است . بهترین سن مراجعه جهت معاینه ارتودنسی هنگام رویش دندانهای دائمی جلو است .

اکثر درمانهای ارتودنسی که در آنها نیاز به تصحیح روابط اسکلتی فک باشد بهتر است در دختر بچه ها قبل از ۱۳ سالگی و در پسر بچه ها قبل از ۱۵ سالگی انجام شود . بهر حال والدین باید توجه داشته باشند که هرگاه ناهنجاریهای قابل توجهی در فک و دندانهای کودک مشاهده کردند یا کودک آنها دچار عادات غلط نظیر مکیدن انگشت است باید هر چه زودتر به متخصص ارتودنسی مراجعه کنند .

* چگونه از ابتلا به ناهنجاریهای فک و صورت پیشگیری کنیم ؟

اگر چه ارث نقش مهمی درایجاد ناهنجاریهای فک و صورت دارد ولی با رعایت موارد زیر میتوان تا حد زیادی از این ناهنجاریها جلوگیری کرد :

۱ - اهمیت دادن به دندانهای شیری و مراقبت از آنها ؛ بی توجهی به دندانهای شیری باعث از دست رفتن زودهنگام این دندانها و رویش نادرست دندانهای دائمی می شود . بعد از رویش دندانهای شیری باید کودک را جهت مسواک کردن دندانهایش کمک کنیم . بهتر است والدین برای مدتی دندانهای کودک را مقابل آینه مسواک کنند تا کودک طریقه مسواک کردن صحیح را یادبگیرد . اگرکودک اصرار دارد که خودش دندانهایش را مسواک کند والدین باید همزمان با کودک دندانهایشان را مسواک کنند تا کودک روش مسواک کردن را یاد بگیرد .

بهترین سن مراجعه جهت معاینه ارتودنسی هنگام رویش دندانهای دائمی جلو است .

۲ - مراجعه به موقع و منظم به دندانپزشک ؛ مشاوره با دندانپزشک ، بخصوص بعد از رویش اولین دندانهای دائمی می تواند از ابتلا به بسیاری از ناهنجاریهای فک و صورت جلوگیری کند .

۳ - جلوگیری از ایجاد عادتهای غلط در کودک ؛ بعضی از عادتهای غلط کودکان عبارتست از : مکیدن انگشت ، فشردن زبان به طرف جلوی دهان ، مکیدن یا جویدن لب و جویدن ناخن .

در مورد چگونگی ایجاد ناهنجاریهای در اثر این عادت ها مختصیری توضیح می دهیم .

* مکیدن انگشت :

مکیدن انگشت شست یا انگشتان دیگر یکی از عادتهایی است که در زمان نوزادی ممکن است در کودک وجود داشته باشد . گر چه این عمل در نوزاد ممکن است نشانگر گرسنگی و اخطاری به والدین جهت توجه به تغذیه او باشد ، ولی باقی ماندن این عادت بعد از دو یا سه سالگی می تواند عامل پیدایش تغییرات دائمی در استخوان و دندانهای فک بالای کودک باشد .

بعضی از کودکان در زمان رویش دندانهایشان دوست دارند انگشتان یا دست خود را داخل دهان ببرند ، چون فشار روی لثه در زمان رویش دندانها باعث آرامش کودک می شود . می توان از وسایل بهداشتی که به عنوان دندانگیر وجود دارد ، استفاده کرد تا مکیدن انگشت برای کودک عادت نشود .

در اثر فشار مداوم انگشت روی دندانها و استخوان جلو سقف دهان ، این ناحیه به طرف بالا متمایل و به تدریج فاصله آن از فک پائین بیشتر می شود . همچنین دندانهای پیشین فک بالا به طرف خارج و دندانهای پیشین فک پائین به سمت داخل منحرف می شوند و بین دندانهای فک بالا و پائین فاصله ایجاد می شود . به طوری که فک بالا و پائین دندانها در ناحیه جلوی دهان به هم نمی رسند .

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جمعه, 17 دی,1400
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